单一指令计算机

单一指令计算机（英语：one instruction set computer，OISC）也称最简指令集计算机（ultimate reduced instruction set computer，URISC），它是一种抽象计算机，该计算机只有一条指令^[1]^[2]^[3]。巧妙地选取这一条指令，并且给予无限的资源，单一指令计算机就能成为和其他多指令计算机一样的图灵机^[2]^:55。在教学上，这种计算机被推荐来帮助理解计算机架构^[2]^:2 ^[1]^:327，同时，也能用它来研究计算机的结构模型^[3]。

参考文献

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 Mavaddat, F.; Parhami, B. URISC: The Ultimate Reduced Instruction Set Computer (PDF). Int'l J. Electrical Engineering Education (Manchester University Press). October 1988, 25 (4): 327–334 [2010-10-04]. This paper considers "a machine with a single 3-address instruction as the ultimate in RISC design (URISC)". Without giving a name to the instruction, it describes a SBN OISC and its associated assembly language, emphasising that this is a universal (i.e., Turing-complete) machine whose simplicity makes it ideal for classroom use.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Gilreath, William F.; Laplante, Phillip A. Computer Architecture: A Minimalist Perspective. Springer Science+Business Media. 2003 [2017-09-13]. ISBN 978-1-4020-7416-5. （原始内容存档于2009-06-13）. Intended for researchers, computer system engineers, computational theorists and students, this book provides an in-depth examination of various OISCs, including SBN and MOVE. It attributes SBN to W. L. van der Poel (1956).
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 Nürnberg, Peter J.; Wiil, Uffe K.; Hicks, David L., A Grand Unified Theory for Structural Computing, Metainformatics: International Symposium, MIS 2003, Graz, Austria: Springer Science+Business Media: 1–16, September 2003, ISBN 978-3-540-22010-7 This research paper focusses entirely on a SUBLEQ OISC and its associated assembly language, using the name SUBLEQ for "both the instruction and any language based upon it".

[urisc-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Mavaddat, F.; Parhami, B. URISC: The Ultimate Reduced Instruction Set Computer (PDF). Int'l J. Electrical Engineering Education (Manchester University Press). October 1988, 25 (4): 327–334 [2010-10-04]. This paper considers "a machine with a single 3-address instruction as the ultimate in RISC design (URISC)". Without giving a name to the instruction, it describes a SBN OISC and its associated assembly language, emphasising that this is a universal (i.e., Turing-complete) machine whose simplicity makes it ideal for classroom use.

[caamp-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Gilreath, William F.; Laplante, Phillip A. Computer Architecture: A Minimalist Perspective. Springer Science+Business Media. 2003 [2017-09-13]. ISBN 978-1-4020-7416-5. （原始内容存档于2009-06-13）. Intended for researchers, computer system engineers, computational theorists and students, this book provides an in-depth examination of various OISCs, including SBN and MOVE. It attributes SBN to W. L. van der Poel (1956).

[agut-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Nürnberg, Peter J.; Wiil, Uffe K.; Hicks, David L., A Grand Unified Theory for Structural Computing, Metainformatics: International Symposium, MIS 2003, Graz, Austria: Springer Science+Business Media: 1–16, September 2003, ISBN 978-3-540-22010-7 This research paper focusses entirely on a SUBLEQ OISC and its associated assembly language, using the name SUBLEQ for "both the instruction and any language based upon it".

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