开罗五边形镶嵌

几何学中,开罗五边形镶嵌是一种平面镶嵌,其为半正镶嵌扭棱正方形镶嵌对偶镶嵌[1],密铺于欧氏平面,其名为“开罗”是因为这种几何图形经常在埃及开罗的街道上出现[2][3],是15种已知的等面五边形镶嵌之一。

开罗五边形镶嵌
开罗五边形镶嵌
欧几里得平面
类别半正镶嵌对偶
平面镶嵌
对偶多面体扭棱正方形镶嵌
数学表示法
考克斯特符号
英语Coxeter-Dynkin diagram
node_fh 4 node_fh 4 node 
node_fh 4 node_fh 4 node_fh 
施莱夫利符号dsr{6,3}
康威表示法dsrS
性质
二面角平角
组成与布局
面的种类五边形
面的布局
英语Face configuration
V3.3.4.3.4
对称性
对称群p4g, [4+,4], (4*2)
p4, [4,4]+, (442)
旋转对称群
英语Rotation_groups
p4, [4,4]+, (442)
特性
面可递
图像
Uniform tiling 44-snub.png
扭棱正方形镶嵌
对偶多面体

康威将之称为4-fold pentille[4]

它也被称为麦克马洪网格(MacMahon's net)[5],出于珀西亚历山大麦克马洪1921年出版的《New Mathematical Pastimes》[6]

在化学中

五边石墨烯的化学结构与开罗五边形镶嵌接近[7]这种形态建基于分析和模拟,在2014年被提出。[7]进一步的计算显示纯粹以此形态存在的碳是不稳定的,[8]但将其氢化后可变得稳定。[9]由于其结构,它罕见地具有负值蒲松比,强度相信比石墨烯高,且据预测它能在高达1000K时仍为化学稳定。[7]

参见

参考文献

  1. ^ Weisstein, Eric W. (编). Dual tessellation. at MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. Wolfram Research, Inc. (英语). 
  2. ^ Alsina, Claudi; Nelsen, Roger B., Charming proofs: a journey into elegant mathematics, Dolciani mathematical expositions 42, Mathematical Association of America: 164, 2010 [2014-06-11], ISBN 978-0-88385-348-1, (原始内容存档于2014-07-05) .
  3. ^ Martin, George Edward, Transformation Geometry: An Introduction to Symmetry, Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics, Springer: 119, 1982 [2014-06-11], ISBN 978-0-387-90636-2, (原始内容存档于2014-07-05) .
  4. ^ Conway, John H.; Burgiel, Heidi; Goodman-Strass, Chaim, The Symmetries of Things, AK Peters: 288, 2008, ISBN 978-1-56881-220-5 
  5. ^ Plane nets in crystal chemistry. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences. 1980-02-29, 295 (1417): 553–618 [2020-05-04]. ISSN 0080-4614. doi:10.1098/rsta.1980.0150. (原始内容存档于2019-10-24) (英语). 
  6. ^ Macmahon, Major P. A., New Mathematical Pastimes, University Press, 1921 .
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Shunhong Zhang, Jian Zhou, Qian Wang, Xiaoshuang Chen, Yoshiyuki Kawazoe, Puru Jena. Penta-graphene: A new carbon allotrope. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2015-02-24, 112 (8): 2372–2377 [2020-05-04]. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 4345574 . PMID 25646451. doi:10.1073/pnas.1416591112 (英语). 
  8. ^ Christopher P. Ewels, Xavier Rocquefelte, Harold W. Kroto, Mark J. Rayson, Patrick R. Briddon, Malcolm I. Heggie. Predicting experimentally stable allotropes: Instability of penta-graphene. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2015-12-22, 112 (51): 15609–15612 [2020-05-04]. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 4697406 . PMID 26644554. doi:10.1073/pnas.1520402112 (英语). 
  9. ^ Hamideh Einollahzadeh, Seyed Mahdi Fazeli, Reza Sabet Dariani. Studying the electronic and phononic structure of penta-graphane. Science and Technology of Advanced Materials. 2016-12, 17 (1): 610–617 [2020-05-04]. ISSN 1468-6996. PMC 5102001 . PMID 27877907. doi:10.1080/14686996.2016.1219970. (原始内容存档于2020-08-15) (英语). 

延伸阅读

  • Grünbaum, Branko ; and Shephard, G. C. Tilings and Patterns. New York: W. H. Freeman. 1987. ISBN 0-7167-1193-1.  (Chapter 2.1: Regular and uniform tilings, p.58-65) (Page 480, Tilings by polygons, #24 of 24 polygonal isohedral types by pentagons)
  • Williams, Robert. The Geometrical Foundation of Natural Structure: A Source Book of Design. Dover Publications, Inc. 1979: 38. ISBN 0-486-23729-X. 
  • Wells, David, The Penguin Dictionary of Curious and Interesting Geometry. London: Penguin, p. 23, 1991.

外部链接